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brake system | exhaust system | tires | engine system | spark plugs | tune-ups Exhaust
Description Closely resembling a muffler in appearance, the catalytic
converter is located in the exhaust system and has an outer shell made
of stainless steel. The similarity with a muffler ends there as catalytic
converters contain a catalyst made from a noble metal such as platinum,
palladium or rhodium. A catalyst is defined as anything that induces
or accelerates a change. At least one catalytic converter has been used
on cars since 1975; today, cars may have two or more depending on the
engine configuration and manufacturer. Using its internal catalyst, a catalytic converter's
job is to greatly reduce the level of harmful emissions in a car's exhaust.
Namely, these are carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and oxides of nitrogen.
All of these emissions are serious health and environmental hazards,
plus they contribute to the formation of photochemical smog. A catalytic
converter changes these poisonous gases to harmless carbon dioxide, nitrogen,
oxygen, and water. In a simplistic way, the catalytic converter can almost
be thought of as an engine of its own. The converter uses fuel and oxygen
to "light off" its internal catalyst, which consumes a large
portion of the gases flowing through the converter. Although a converter
greatly reduces emissions, it does not eliminate them altogether. Catalytic converters do not require maintenance of their
own, but their long-term livelihood depends on proper care and maintenance
of your vehicle. As an example, if your vehicle begins to run rough,
produces smoke from the tailpipe, or the SERVICE ENGINE SOON or CHECK
ENGINE light appears, have it checked out immediately by a professional
technician. This is especially true if the SERVICE ENGINE SOON or CHECK
ENGINE flashes rather than being steadily lit. Neglecting these warning
signs can cause expensive damage to the converter, requiring replacement.
Symptoms of a faulty or failing converter may include failing an emissions
test, poor performance, increased engine temperature, and bucking or
hesitation.
Description Exhaust manifold gaskets may be made of embossed steel,
sometimes in multiple layers. These gaskets may also be made of high-temperature
fibre material, graphite, and ceramic composites, among others. Some
gaskets use a combination of different materials. Other types of exhaust
gaskets include flange gaskets and ring gaskets located at various connection
points in the exhaust system. These gaskets are usually made from the
same types of materials as exhaust manifold gaskets. An exhaust manifold gasket seals the exhaust manifold to the cylinder head. On V6 and V8 engines, there are two exhaust manifolds and therefore require two manifold gaskets. An exhaust manifold gasket seals the connection between the manifold and cylinder head. This prevents exhaust leakage out of the connection and also ensures that all exhaust gas will flow through the catalytic converter for treatment. Flange and ring gaskets seal other connection points in the exhaust system, such as between the exhaust pipe and exhaust manifold.
Have your vehicle’s exhaust system inspected periodically to keep your car safe. Exhaust gas, especially carbon monoxide, can be deadly if it enters the interior of the car. The symptoms of an exhaust leak may include a louder than normal exhaust sound, the sound of exhaust coming from unusual places on your car, a “ticking” noise when accelerating, and the smell of exhaust. However, don’t rely on your sense of smell as a conclusive means of determining if there’s an exhaust leak. Carbon monoxide has no odour. If you suspect any problem with the exhaust system, have it inspected immediately by a professional technician. Another symptom of a potential exhaust leak is a failed emissions test. A leak not only lets exhaust gas out, it also allows oxygen to enter the exhaust stream, which can be detected during an emissions test. You will usually be required to make repairs before retesting, so have the leak checked by a professional technician.
Description Made of cast iron or tubular steel, the exhaust manifold
mounts to the exhaust side of the cylinder head. An exhaust manifold
gasket is used at the connection to ensure a good seal. Engines with
their cylinders arranged in-line usually have one exhaust manifold. Engines
with V-type cylinder arrangements, like the V6 and V8, have two separate
exhaust manifolds, one mounted to each cylinder head. The exhaust manifold routes the exhaust gases leaving the cylinder head to the exhaust system. As such, the manifold also serves as a connection point for the exhaust pipe. Depending on engine configuration and the number of exhaust manifolds, there may be two exhaust pipe connections. Depending on the year, make and emissions equipment installed on the vehicle, the exhaust manifold may also serve as a mounting location for hardware of the air injection system or for an oxygen sensor. Also, some exhaust manifolds may still include a heat riser valve, controlled by a temperature-sensitive spring. This valve is designed to help divert hot exhaust gas through a separate passage in the intake manifold to aid in better warm-up driveability.
Although not commonly replaced with other exhaust system parts, exhaust manifolds should be checked periodically to ensure they are tight, free from cracks, and that the exhaust pipe mounts are secure. A “ticking” noise during acceleration or the sound or smell of leaking exhaust could indicate a leak at the manifold or its connections. However, don’t rely on your sense of smell as a conclusive means of determining if there’s an exhaust leak. Carbon monoxide has no odour. If you suspect any problem with the exhaust system, have it inspected immediately by a professional technician. Another symptom of a potential exhaust leak is a failed emissions test. A leak not only lets exhaust gas out, it also allows oxygen to enter the exhaust stream, which can be detected during an emissions test. You will usually be required to make repairs before retesting, so have the leak checked by a professional technician.
Description Historically, pads and shoes contained a lining material
made of asbestos or asbestos compounds. Today's friction lining may contain
semi-metallic compounds, non-asbestos organic compounds, and ceramics,
among others. Pads and shoes are the wearable friction elements of
the braking system. When installed properly, they should provide reliable
and quiet braking for many miles. Have your car's brakes inspected annually to make sure everything's OK. It's always best to be able to plan ahead for brake work by knowing brake condition as your car ages. Brakes are a normal wear item for any car, so sooner or later they're going to need replacement. Planning can also save you money, because the brakes won't get to the “metal-to-metal” point, which usually means expensive rotor or drum replacement. Symptoms of brake problems may include dragging brakes, squealing brakes, a pulsating brake pedal (with ABS not functioning), grinding brakes, a low brake pedal or pulling when braking. If your car exhibits any of these symptoms, have it checked out by a qualified technician as soon as possible.
Description Exhaust pipe is a general term for several different
pipes used throughout the exhaust system. Although configurations vary
with different makes, models and engines, there is usually a front exhaust
pipe connecting the exhaust manifold to the catalytic converter, an intermediate
exhaust pipe connecting the catalytic converter to the muffler, and a
tailpipe connected to the outlet of the muffler and serving as the exhaust
outlet. Exhaust pipes may be made of standard or stainless steel. Exhaust pipes route exhaust gas away from the engine,
through the catalytic converter and muffler and out the rear of the vehicle.
As a result, pollution and sound are reduced, while ensuring safety by
directing exhaust gas away from the vehicle. Have your vehicle’s exhaust system inspected periodically to keep your car safe. Exhaust pipes may not be individually replaceable due to the condition of other exhaust system components, or because the original exhaust system uses a unitized construction, where sections are welded together. Keep in mind that exhaust gas, especially carbon monoxide, can be deadly if it enters the interior of the car. The symptoms of an exhaust leak may include a louder than normal exhaust sound, the sound of exhaust coming from unusual places on your car, a “ticking” noise when accelerating, and the smell of exhaust. However, don’t rely on your sense of smell as a conclusive means of determining if there’s an exhaust leak. Carbon monoxide has no odour. If you suspect any problem with the exhaust system, have it inspected immediately by a professional technician. Another symptom of a potential exhaust leak is a failed emissions test. A leak not only lets exhaust gas out, it also allows oxygen to enter the exhaust stream, which can be detected during an emissions test. You will usually be required to make repairs before retesting, so have the leak checked by a professional technician.
Description Exhaust hangers can be made of synthetic rubber, or
a combination of synthetic rubber and steel. Exhaust clamps are usually
made of steel and come in different sizes to accommodate varying sizes
of exhaust pipes and connections. Brackets are usually made of steel
and mount to various locations. Exhaust hangers suspend various parts of the exhaust
system, yet isolate those same parts from contacting points underneath
the car such as the frame or unibody, axles, or floor. Exhaust clamps
provide a tight connection between pipe sections and other components,
like the connection between the intermediate exhaust pipe and muffler.
Brackets are another type of hardware used to help locate parts of the
exhaust system. Brackets generally don’t use synthetic rubber as
part of their design. Depending on the application, there are some combination
brackets/hangers serving both purposes. Have your vehicle’s exhaust system inspected periodically
to keep your car safe. Loose, missing or damaged hangers or brackets
can allow the exhaust system to shift around, causing a possible clunking
or rubbing sound while driving. A loose exhaust system, when hot, can
also melt wiring, nylon lines or rubber hoses. Broken, damaged or missing
clamps can allow exhaust leaks at their connections and may even allow
connections to separate. Exhaust gas, especially carbon monoxide, can
be deadly if it enters the interior of the car. The symptoms of an exhaust
leak may include a louder than normal exhaust sound, the sound of exhaust
coming from unusual places on your car, a “ticking” noise
when accelerating, and the smell of exhaust. However, don’t rely
on your sense of smell as a conclusive means of determining if there’s
an exhaust leak. Carbon monoxide has no odour. If you suspect any problem
with the exhaust system, have it inspected immediately by a professional
technician. Another symptom of a potential exhaust leak is a failed emissions
test. A leak not only lets exhaust gas out, it also allows oxygen to
enter the exhaust stream, which can be detected during an emissions test.
You will usually be required to make repairs before retesting, so have
the leak checked by a professional technician.
Description A standard or stainless steel casing containing an array
of baffles and other sound-insulating material to reduce exhaust noise.
Some cars may use several mufflers, or a secondary muffler called a resonator. The muffler reduces and changes engine exhaust sound
and tone. When properly matched to the engine, a muffler will not impair
engine performance due to exhaust backpressure, which is simply the resistance
to exhaust flow. Have your vehicle’s exhaust system inspected periodically to keep your car safe. The muffler may not be individually replaceable due to the condition of other exhaust system components, or because the original exhaust system uses a unitized construction, where sections are welded together. Keep in mind that exhaust gas, especially carbon monoxide, can be deadly if it enters the interior of the car. The symptoms of an exhaust leak may include a louder than normal exhaust sound, the sound of exhaust coming from unusual places on your car, a “ticking” noise when accelerating, and the smell of exhaust. However, don’t rely on your sense of smell as a conclusive means of determining if there’ is an exhaust leak. Carbon monoxide has no odour. If you suspect any problem with the exhaust system, have it inspected immediately by a professional technician. Another symptom of a potential exhaust leak is a failed emissions test. A leak not only lets exhaust gas out, it also allows oxygen to enter the exhaust stream, which can be detected during an emissions test. You will usually be required to make repairs before retesting, so have the leak checked by a professional technician. return to previous menu
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